As organizations prepare for their next ERP version upgrade, they find themselves trying to make sense of a new methodology that disrupts the traditional understanding and thinking about ERP. ERP II requires organizations to transform from a focus on internal resource optimization to a new focus on process integration and external collaboration. To help organizations make sense of this new iteration, we look at why ERP II has come about, how it differs from ERP, and how it promises to change the way organizations do business in the future.